First, what are GLP-1 treatments?

GLP-1 treatments mimic a natural hormone involved in blood sugar regulation, appetite and digestion. “They slow how quickly food leaves your stomach and impact areas of the brain linked to hunger and satiety,” explains Emily Lenoir, registered associate nutritionist and behaviour change coach at Voy. “This helps reduce cravings, shrink portion sizes and stabilise blood sugar – all of which support weight loss.” But the effects go beyond fullness. “GLP-1s can dampen the brain’s reward system, making high-calorie foods less compelling,” she adds. Dr Jane Wilson, a leading aesthetics nurse who prescribes GLP-1s privately to her clients, points out these are not your average appetite suppressants: “They influence metabolism and gut-brain signalling in ways we’re still understanding.”

Who are they really for?

While licensed for people with type 2 diabetes or a BMI over 30 (or 27 with weight-related conditions, like high blood pressure), GLP-1s are increasingly prescribed privately for weight loss – even among those outside these categories. “Patients often come to me feeling desperate,” says Dr Lucy Hooper, GP and founder of Coyne Medical. “They’ve tried everything – diet, exercise and even therapy – and nothing has worked long-term. For some, GLP-1s provide the reset they need to make weight loss happen.” But Jane stresses these medications aren’t for those looking to lose a few pounds, or those unprepared to commit. “These drugs are intended for long-term use, and not merely as a quick fix before a summer holiday,” she stresses.

What does it feel like to take them?

Nausea is the most common side effect, with at least half of people feeling nauseous when they start. This usually settles, but some will need to lower their dose or pause treatment. Other potential side effects include constipation or diarrhoea; fatigue and low energy; headaches and dizziness.

What’s the psychological impact?

One of the most talked-about – but least understood – effects of GLP-1s is what they do to your mind, not just your body. While many users celebrate the silencing of ‘food noise,’ others are caught off guard by what it reveals, enabling them to see the extent to which they had been using food as a coping mechanism. Doctors say this kind of emotional response is common, which is why many high-end clinics now recommend combining GLP-1s with therapy or coaching. “Weight loss isn’t just physical,” adds Lucy. “It’s about behaviours, emotions, habits. Medication helps create a window – but real change comes from what you do inside.”

Dr David Huang, clinical innovation director at Voy, adds your attitude towards food may change, too. “I often hear from patients that Ozempic and Wegovy turn them off food. But this isn’t necessarily a bad thing. In today’s world, the odds are stacked against us when it comes to weight, with constant access to highly palatable and energy-dense foods. For many, GLP-1s help quiet the relentless ‘food noise’ or chatter in their heads, enabling them to make the lifestyle changes they’ve always desired, but struggled to achieve.”

Are there any risks?

While GLP-1s are generally safe when prescribed correctly, they do carry risks – especially when used without medical supervision. “We’re seeing more people using these drugs without understanding the full picture,” warns Lucy. “They can mask disordered eating patterns, worsen existing gallbladder issues, and, if not managed carefully, lead to nutrient deficiencies.” For Jane, a weight loss journey should be a bigger picture: “That’s why, with my clients, I stress the importance of adequate protein intake, strength training, and a balanced, whole foods diet. Weight loss should be about improving body composition – not just shrinking the number on the scale.”

How long do you stay on them?

There’s no universal answer. “For diabetes, these drugs are taken long-term,” Jane explains. “For weight loss, it depends on your goals and health profile. Some stay on them for years; others taper off after six to 12 months.” That decision should be made with medical supervision. “We monitor metabolic markers, mental wellbeing, and body composition,” says Lucy. “If someone’s thriving and not experiencing side effects, they may continue. But it’s never a forever plan without review.”

Can lower doses work?

A growing number of clinics are exploring microdosing – using significantly lower-than-standard doses to support weight loss while minimising side effects. Doctors say some people respond well to just a fraction of the usual dose – it can be enough to quieten food noise and reduce appetite without intense nausea or fatigue. Microdosing isn’t officially licensed, but doctors say it can be useful for sensitive individuals or those using GLP-1s as a behavioural support tool rather than for dramatic weight loss. “Just don’t think microdosing is an easy option,” says Jane. “You still need regular monitoring, nutritional guidance, and a plan for tapering off.”

What happens when you stop?

Stopping GLP-1s isn’t as simple as finishing a course, especially if you’ve been taking them for several months. “There’s a real risk of rebound weight gain,” says Lucy. “That’s not failure – it’s biology. Your appetite mechanisms return to baseline. Unless you’ve built solid habits, you may find your old behaviours creeping back in. Research shows 90% of people who stop the medication will regain the weight, a sobering statistic that must be acknowledged.” To avoid this, tapering off slowly is key. “We don’t advise just stopping cold,” Jane says. “We reduce the dose over time, while increasing lifestyle support and keeping a close eye on body composition and mental wellbeing.” Some patients stay on the medication long term; others use it as a temporary intervention. “It depends on your goals and health profile,” adds Lucy. “But in every case, you need a clear exit strategy from day one — this isn’t a forever drug for most people.”

What about the cost?

Costs vary depending on the drug, dose and provider. In the UK, private prescriptions typically range from £150 to £300 per month, although initial consultations can add more. Wegovy (the version of Ozempic designed for weight loss) costs around up to £300 per month for a private prescription. NHS access is limited to people with a qualifying BMI and comorbidities, and even then, availability varies regionally. “Some patients start privately and later transition to NHS care if eligible,” says Jane. “Others see it as an investment in their long-term health.” Always confirm whether the price includes follow-up appointments, blood tests, or lifestyle support. Some online providers list a low monthly fee, but extras can add up.

How can you access GLP-1s safely?

With demand surging, unregulated clinics are a growing issue. Ideally, you’ll have a face-to-face consultation or at least a video call with a GP. Avoid online services that approve medications after only a short questionnaire. “You need a full health history, including blood pressure, cholesterol, family history and mental health background,” says Jane. “Recently, online pharmacies have faced stricter regulations aimed at preventing inappropriate prescribing. I’ve heard numerous stories from clients who obtained these drugs through online channels, often falsifying forms to meet criteria they genuinely don’t fulfil.” The gold standard is a clinic that offers an initial screening and medical assessment, follow-up blood tests, support with diet and exercise, ongoing monitoring and a clear tapering protocol.

How do you stay properly nourished?

For Kim Pearson, leading nutritionist and weight loss expert who works closely with clients on GLP-1s, this is one of her biggest challenges. “Appetite suppression can lead to people eating so little that they miss out on essential nutrients. When appetite is reduced, every bite counts.” She recommends prioritising high-quality protein, healthy fats, fibre-rich vegetables, and foods rich in key vitamins and minerals. “A high-quality protein shake can be helpful, especially given that appetite suppression can make it harder to consume enough protein through regular meals.”

What mistakes do people commonly make?

A major one is dropping exercise. “Many of us are motivated to exercise to manage body fat, but when the weight starts coming off more easily with injections, some people feel less inclined to work out,” says Kim. “It’s important to remember exercise is about much more than just weight loss. It supports muscle preservation, metabolism and other aspects of health, so is still a key part of a balanced approach to fat loss.” Kim stresses that preserving muscle is a big part of the GLP-1 conversation. “The more muscle you have, the higher your resting metabolic rate – meaning you burn more calories even at rest. If you lose a significant amount of muscle during weight loss, your metabolism slows, making it much easier to regain weight when you stop medication. Plus, muscle mass is critical for strength, balance, insulin sensitivity and overall healthy ageing. Preserving it should be a top priority."

Are they safe for everyone?

No – there are several groups who should proceed with caution, notably those with a family history of thyroid cancer, pregnant or breastfeeding women, or anyone with type 1 diabetes. Caution is also advised for those with a history of eating disorders. Lucy adds that those on HRT, the pill or thyroid medication should also take note: “GLP-1s impact various other medicines, meaning patients need to be adjusted as they go through their journey, making careful monitoring essential.”

Are they the miracle everyone claims?

Short answer? No – but they can be life-changing. “GLP-1s aren’t a magic bullet to weight loss,” says Kim. “They’re a tool, and like any tool, it depends how you use it,” says Kim. “It can create space for change, but it doesn’t do the work for you. If you come off them without building the right habits, you’re likely to regain the weight.” Emily agrees. “GLP-1s can reduce cravings and help with portion control. But real, lasting health comes from what you build around that – the behaviours, the mindset, the education. That’s the part no drug can do for you.”

DISCLAIMER: Features published by SLMan are not intended to treat, diagnose, cure or prevent any disease. Always seek the advice of your GP or another qualified healthcare provider for any questions you have regarding a medical condition, and before undertaking any diet, exercise or other health-related programme.